Which particle or component orbits the nucleus of an atom?

Electrons are the particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom. In atomic structure, the nucleus is made up of protons and neutrons, which are collectively known as nucleons. While protons and neutrons reside within the nucleus itself, electrons exist in defined energy levels or orbitals around the nucleus. These electrons are responsible for chemical bonding and interactions, as they can be gained, lost, or shared between atoms.

The electron cloud represents the area where electrons are likely to be found, and this distribution plays a crucial role in determining the atom's behavior and properties. Understanding the role of electrons in orbiting the nucleus is fundamental to grasping concepts in chemistry and physics, as it lays the groundwork for how atoms interact and form molecules.