Which of the planets in our solar system has the most known moons?

Jupiter holds the title for the most known moons among the planets in our solar system. As of October 2023, Jupiter has more than 80 confirmed moons, with the four largest—Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto—collectively known as the Galilean moons, being particularly notable because they were discovered by Galileo Galilei in 1610.

The reason for Jupiter's large number of moons can be attributed to its massive size and strong gravitational pull, which enables it to capture and retain multiple smaller celestial bodies that enter its orbit. This abundance of moons provides valuable insights into the formation and evolution of the solar system.

For comparison, while Saturn is also known for having a significant number of moons (over 80 as well), it does not surpass Jupiter's count. Mars has two small moons, Phobos and Deimos, and Earth has just one moon. These differences illustrate the varying satellite systems among the planets, emphasizing Jupiter's dominance in this aspect.