What is the purpose of storing radium in containers made of lead?

The purpose of storing radium in containers made of lead is primarily to protect against radiation exposure. Radium is a radioactive element that emits alpha particles and gamma radiation, both of which can be harmful to humans. Lead serves as an effective barrier against this type of radiation due to its dense atomic structure, which significantly reduces the intensity of radiation passing through it.

Using lead containers minimizes the risk of radiation exposure to personnel handling or working near radium, thereby ensuring safety in both medical and industrial applications. This protective measure is crucial, as prolonged exposure to radiation can lead to serious health issues, including cancer.

While other considerations such as contamination prevention, shelf life, and transport ease are important in different contexts, the primary goal when it comes to radium storage specifically revolves around safeguarding health by reducing radiation exposure.