What is the effect of large quantities of organic matter decaying naturally in the soil?

When large quantities of organic matter decay naturally in the soil, they contribute significantly to maintaining soil fertility. This process of decay, known as decomposition, involves bacteria, fungi, and other organisms breaking down complex organic materials into simpler substances that are rich in essential nutrients. As organic matter breaks down, it releases nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium into the soil, which are vital for plant growth.

Furthermore, the presence of organic matter improves soil structure and its ability to retain moisture and air, creating a better environment for root development and microbial activity. It enhances the soil's capacity to hold water and nutrients, supporting a healthy ecosystem. This nutrient-rich environment encourages robust plant growth and sustainable agricultural practices, thus promoting overall soil fertility in the long term.