What causes the changing of seasons on Earth?

The changing of seasons on Earth is primarily caused by the tilt of the Earth's axis and its revolution around the sun. As the Earth orbits the sun, the axial tilt of approximately 23.5 degrees means that different parts of the Earth receive varying amounts of sunlight at different times of the year. This variation in sunlight exposure leads to changes in temperature and weather patterns, resulting in the distinct seasons: spring, summer, autumn, and winter.

During summer in one hemisphere, that hemisphere is tilted toward the sun, receiving more direct sunlight and longer days, which contributes to warmer temperatures. Conversely, during winter, the hemisphere is tilted away from the sun, receiving less direct sunlight and experiencing shorter days and cooler temperatures. Thus, the combination of the axial tilt and the annual revolution around the sun is the fundamental mechanism behind seasonal changes.

The other options, such as the rotation of the Earth, primarily affect day and night cycles but do not influence the seasons directly. Similarly, while the distance from the sun can play a role in seasonal intensity and length, it is not the primary driver of the seasons themselves. Ocean currents affect climate and weather patterns but do not cause the change of seasons. Therefore, the correct understanding hinges on the axial tilt and